While cows are known for producing significant methane emissions, recent research highlights their potential benefits for soil health on farms.
A study conducted by the Soil Association Exchange reveals that farms integrating both arable crops and livestock have approximately 33% more carbon stored in their soil compared to those focused solely on crops.
This increase is largely attributed to the nutrient-rich manure produced by livestock.
The positive impact of mixed farming extends beyond soil carbon levels. These diverse agricultural systems also promote biodiversity, with mixed farms supporting around 28 grassland plant species per field, in contrast to 25 species found on purely arable farms and 22 on dairy-only farms.
Despite these advantages, experts caution that the carbon sequestration benefits do not fully offset the greenhouse gases produced by cattle.
Integrating livestock in farming enhances biodiversity and carbon storage, balancing environmental impact.Joseph Gridley, CEO of the Soil Association Exchange, notes that while integrating livestock into farming systems enhances soil health and biodiversity, it also results in significantly higher emissions.
Currently, livestock accounts for roughly 14% of global human-induced climate emissions, emphasizing the need for balanced approaches to agriculture.
Soil degradation is a pressing concern, with predictions about soil lifespan varying widely. The UN Food and Agriculture Organisation warned in 2015 that the world had only 60 harvests left, while recent studies suggest that a substantial portion of soils may endure for thousands of years.
In efforts to mitigate methane emissions, the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs is exploring the use of methane blockers in cattle feed, such as essential oils and seaweed.
A recent report from the Green Alliance suggests that adopting these practices could potentially reduce the UK’s emissions by 1%. However, farmers are hesitant to invest in these solutions without appropriate subsidies.
As the agriculture sector seeks sustainable practices, finding a balance between livestock benefits and environmental impact remains crucial.